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UID:6a294db054962e985a4a910a9f580596
CATEGORIES:Séminaire du CREM, CREM
CREATED:20160509T152801
SUMMARY:Remembering the Jewish Past through Popular Song in Contemporary Tunisia, Ruth Davis (University Reader, Université de Cambridge)
LOCATION:Lesc – salle 308F (3e étage) - 21\, allée de l’Université\, Nanterre\, \, 9
 2000\, France
DESCRIPTION:Through the medium of popular song, my lecture explores different ways in w
 hich Tunisians have come to terms with the rupture caused by the mass exodu
 s of Jews following independence. It focuses on the new kind of popular son
 g (ughniyya) that was associated with the rise of commercial recording in t
 he early twentieth century; traditional Islamic social taboos against publi
 c music making meant that, until World War Two, its practitioners were prim
 arily Jews. Characterised by simple strophic structures, earthy, colloquial
  language, and the use of melodic modes and instruments from the wider Medi
 terranean and Levant, the early ughniyya provided the foundation for the fu
 ture development of Tunisian popular song. In Jewish circles, the tunes wer
 e set to sacred Hebrew texts and sung in a variety of religious and celebra
 tory contexts. With the rise of the nationalist movement, however, the cosm
 opolitan ughniyya was denigrated as decadent and corrupt and, following the
  mass exodus of the Jews, it disappeared from mainstream musical life. Yet 
 the songs continued to be sung by Tunisian diasporic communities, providing
  a continuing link with the vibrant musical culture of the protectorate era
 .\nSince the late 1980s, various Tunisian artists and intellectuals have at
 tempted to revive and rehabilitate the popular songs of the protectorate er
 a, considering them a vital component of Tunisia’s cultural heritage. While
  some acknowledge and celebrate their former Jewish associations, others ig
 nore or actively erase them, presenting the songs as timeless, anonymous ru
 ral folklore. The songs continue to be performed in both Arabic and Hebrew 
 versions at the annual pilgrimage to the ‘Ghriba’ synagogue on the island o
 f Djerba, where Tunisian diasporic Jews reunite with Tunisian Jews and Musl
 ims in a nostalgic celebration of their shared Jewish-Arab past.\nRuth F. D
 avis is Reader in Ethnomusicology and Fellow and Director of Studies in Mus
 ic at Corpus Christi College, University of Cambridge. She has published an
 d broadcast extensively on music of the Mediterranean, especially North Afr
 ica and the Levant, focusing in recent years on music and nationalism, cult
 ural memory, intellectual history of ethnomusicology, and sacred and popula
 r music of the modern Middle East. Her book Ma’luf: Reflections on the Arab
  Andalusian Music of Tunisia (Scarecrow Press, 2004) is the first substanti
 al study in English on a national tradition of Arab-Andalusian music. More 
 recently, her edition Robert Lachmann, The ‘Oriental Music’ Broadcasts, 193
 6-1937: A Musical Ethnography of Mandatory Palestine, with a 2-CD set of di
 gitally restored recordings (A-R Editions, 2013), was awarded an Associatio
 n of Recorded Sound Collections 2014 Award for Excellence, and her edited b
 ook Musical Exodus: Al-Andalus and its Jewish Diasporas was published by Ro
 wman &amp; Littlefield in 2015. She currently chairs the International Coun
 cil for Traditional Music Study Group ‘Mediterranean Music Studies’.\n
X-ALT-DESC;FMTTYPE=text/html:<p>Through the medium of popular song, my lecture explores different ways i
 n which Tunisians have come to terms with the rupture caused by the mass ex
 odus of Jews following independence. It focuses on the new kind of popular 
 song <i>(ughniyya)</i> that was associated with the rise of commercial reco
 rding in the early twentieth century; traditional Islamic social taboos aga
 inst public music making meant that, until World War Two, its practitioners
  were primarily Jews. Characterised by simple strophic structures, earthy, 
 colloquial language, and the use of melodic modes and instruments from the 
 wider Mediterranean and Levant, the early <i>ughniyya</i> provided the foun
 dation for the future development of Tunisian popular song. In Jewish circl
 es, the tunes were set to sacred Hebrew texts and sung in a variety of reli
 gious and celebratory contexts. With the rise of the nationalist movement, 
 however, the cosmopolitan <i>ughniyya</i> was denigrated as decadent and co
 rrupt and, following the mass exodus of the Jews, it disappeared from mains
 tream musical life. Yet the songs continued to be sung by Tunisian diaspori
 c communities, providing a continuing link with the vibrant musical culture
  of the protectorate era.</p><p>Since the late 1980s, various Tunisian arti
 sts and intellectuals have attempted to revive and rehabilitate the popular
  songs of the protectorate era, considering them a vital component of Tunis
 ia’s cultural heritage. While some acknowledge and celebrate their former J
 ewish associations, others ignore or actively erase them, presenting the so
 ngs as timeless, anonymous rural folklore. The songs continue to be perform
 ed in both Arabic and Hebrew versions at the annual pilgrimage to the ‘Ghri
 ba’ synagogue on the island of Djerba, where Tunisian diasporic Jews reunit
 e with Tunisian Jews and Muslims in a nostalgic celebration of their shared
  Jewish-Arab past.</p><p><strong>Ruth F. Davis</strong> is Reader in Ethnom
 usicology and Fellow and Director of Studies in Music at Corpus Christi Col
 lege, University of Cambridge. She has published and broadcast extensively 
 on music of the Mediterranean, especially North Africa and the Levant, focu
 sing in recent years on music and nationalism, cultural memory, intellectua
 l history of ethnomusicology, and sacred and popular music of the modern Mi
 ddle East. Her book <i>Ma’luf: Reflections on the Arab Andalusian Music of 
 Tunisia</i> (Scarecrow Press, 2004) is the first substantial study in Engli
 sh on a national tradition of Arab-Andalusian music. More recently, her edi
 tion <i>Robert Lachmann, The ‘Oriental Music’ Broadcasts, 1936-1937: A Musi
 cal Ethnography of Mandatory Palestine, </i>with a 2-CD set of digitally re
 stored recordings (A-R Editions, 2013), was awarded an Association of Recor
 ded Sound Collections 2014 Award for Excellence, and her edited book <i>Mus
 ical Exodus: Al-Andalus and its Jewish Diasporas</i> was published by Rowma
 n & Littlefield in 2015. She currently chairs the International Council for
  Traditional Music Study Group ‘Mediterranean Music Studies’.</p>
DTSTAMP:20260429T083410
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20160201T140000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20160201T160000
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